Why do onions make you cry?

Onions are a common ingredient in many dishes due to their ability to add flavor and depth. However, the one downside of onions is their tendency to make people cry. Many individuals tend to avoid cutting onions or pass the task on to others to avoid the burning sensation and tearing of the eyes. But have you ever wondered why onions make you cry? In this article, we will delve into the science behind onion-induced tears and highlight some hacks to prevent them.

What Causes You to Cry When Cutting Onions?

The chemical responsible for inducing tears when cutting onions is syn-propanethial-S-oxide. Cutting an onion releases this chemical compound which reacts with the moisture in one’s eyes, creating sulfuric acid and leading to a burning and stinging sensation.

Moreover, the onion’s structure also plays a vital role in the tearing process. Onions contain small pockets of enzymes that are kept separate from sulfur-containing compounds when the onion is intact. However, when you cut an onion, the enzymes break down the sulfur-containing amino acids and release gas. This gas then comes into contact with the moisture in one’s eyes and irritates them, leading to tears.

Why Do Some Onions Make You Cry More Than Others?

Not all onions are created equal. Some onions are more potent than others, resulting in stronger effects and greater tearing. The sulfur content in onions varies depending on their place of growth, soil type, and climate. Onions grown in sulfur-poor soils tend to be milder and sweeter than those grown in sulfur-rich soils. Therefore, the higher sulfur content in the onion determines how much it will make you cry.

Another factor that determines the pungency of onions is the way they are stored. When exposed to light or heat, the sulfur compounds in the onion start to break down, leading to an increase in pungency and tears when chopped.

How to Prevent Tears When Cutting Onions?

Fortunately, there are several hacks to prevent tears when cutting onions:

1. Chewing Gum – Chewing gum while cutting onions can limit the release of tears. This is because it increases the production of saliva, which helps to neutralize the sulfur-containing chemicals in the onion before they reach the eyes.
2. Freeze the Onion – Pop the onion into the freezer for fifteen minutes before chopping, and it can lessen the release of the enzyme that produces acid by inhibiting the enzymatic reaction that releases the gas.
3. Use a Sharp Knife – Using a sharp knife prevents crushing the onion and the release of more enzymes.
4. Light a Candle – Lighting a candle or rubbing vinegar on the cutting board helps absorb some of the gas released by the onion.
5. Use Safety Glasses – You can protect your eyes by wearing goggles or glasses, which helps to fend off the irritating gas and moisture.

Conclusion

To conclude, onions make you cry when you cut them because they release syn-propanethial-S-oxide gas, which creates sulfuric acid when it comes into contact with the moisture in your eyes. The strong effects of onions are influenced by their pungency, storage, and the soil they were grown in. Luckily, there are several tips and tricks to prevent tears, such as chilling the onion, chewing gum, using a sharp knife, lighting a candle, and wearing safety glasses. Next time you need to chop onions, use these tricks for a more pleasant experience.